{"id":222,"date":"2019-01-29T19:06:08","date_gmt":"2019-01-29T19:06:08","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/kevinbk.com\/\/?p=222"},"modified":"2019-01-29T19:06:47","modified_gmt":"2019-01-29T19:06:47","slug":"o-que-significa-ssh-sftp-ip-e-root-como-usar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/what-ssh-sftp-ip-and-root-how-to-use-mean\/","title":{"rendered":"SSH, SFTP, IP v\u00e0 ROOT c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o trang web tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1<\/a>, 3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. V\u00ec v\u1eady, trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a SSH, SFTP, IP v\u00e0 ROOT v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang. <\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng NGU\u1ed2N G\u1ed0C<\/strong> n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1eb7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean<\/strong> t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. IP l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb xa, ho\u1eb7c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o trang web th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y. \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 SFTP<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Khi b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy c\u1eadp SSH cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ROOT. Truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho SSH l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n t\u1eeb xa.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"O<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f3m t\u1eaft t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n trong s\u1ed1 b\u1ed1n thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y cho b\u1ea1n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y. B\u1ea1n ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c b\u00e2y gi\u1edd xem t\u1eebng thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y theo c\u00e1ch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u01a1n? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a SSH v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp n\u00f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

SSH ho\u1eb7c Secure Shell l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng m\u1eadt m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch. SSH cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt qua m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i do l\u1ec7nh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp SSH<\/strong> b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n IP<\/strong> m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (Giao th\u1ee9c Internet) bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 duy nh\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t CPF<\/strong> x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eebng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ea1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c trang web kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng 24 gi\u1edd nh\u1eadn quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0110\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 qua SSH, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i<\/strong> Linux, Mac, Windows 10 ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 cho vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c g\u00f5 d\u1ea5u nh\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

 SSH root@185.17.65.884<\/strong><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
Root l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea1n \u0111ang truy c\u1eadp, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c thay v\u00ec root, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng serverpilot<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c runcloud<\/a><\/strong> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trong hai t\u1eeb n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp t\u1ec7p web (SFTP). S\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y sau @ ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 IP m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u00f4i khi n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 SSH l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u kh\u00e1c, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n. T\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m sau khi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u g\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1eedi qua email cho Digital Ocean.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"O<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n
O SFTP<\/strong> c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a Giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p an to\u00e0n <\/strong>v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 SSH<\/strong> an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n FTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u SSH c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o SFTP. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0110\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SFTP nh\u01b0 Cyberduck n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, OpenSSH, WinSCP, FileZilla v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
 DANH S\u00c1CH C\u00c1C L\u1ec6NH SSH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh SSH r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, v\u00ec v\u1eady t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00f3m t\u1eaft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u00eam t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n th\u00edch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a SSH, SFTP, IP v\u00e0 ROOT, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng c\u00e1i. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0111\u0129a CD<\/strong><\/td>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c (v\u1ecb tr\u00ed)<\/td><\/tr>
cp<\/strong><\/td>Sao ch\u00e9p t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/td><\/tr>
t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y<\/strong><\/td>T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/td><\/tr>
mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td><\/tr>
grep<\/strong><\/td>T\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong t\u1ec7p<\/td><\/tr>
l\u1ecbch s\u1eed<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb 50 l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t<\/td><\/tr>
\u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td>T\u00ecm t\u1ec7p d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/td><\/tr>
ls<\/strong><\/td>Li\u1ec7t k\u00ea t\u00ean t\u1ec7p<\/td><\/tr>
\u0110\u00e0n \u00f4ng<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><\/tr>
mkdir<\/strong><\/td>T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7<\/td><\/tr>
mv<\/strong><\/td>Di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c<\/td><\/tr>
pwd<\/strong><\/td>Hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i<\/td><\/tr>
rm<\/strong><\/td>x\u00f3a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp tin<\/td><\/tr>
nh\u1ef1a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/td>N\u00e9n t\u1ec7p trong tar<\/td><\/tr>
ch\u1ea1m<\/strong><\/td>T\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7<\/td><\/tr>
saw \/ nano<\/strong><\/td>Tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u0103n b\u1ea3n<\/td><\/tr>
wget<\/strong><\/td>Cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng t\u1ec7p t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td><\/tr>
zip<\/strong><\/td>N\u00e9n t\u1ec7p \u1edf d\u1ea1ng zip<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n
C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb \u1edf tr\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, theo sau l\u00e0 t\u00ean t\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1ed5 sung. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap trong SSH \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t "-help" sau l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
T\u00f4i hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n th\u00edch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, h\u00e3y chia s\u1ebb n\u00f3 v\u1edbi b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1eebng qu\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i trang web \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u00ean web. <\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Khi ch\u00fang ta n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o trang web tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y v\u1edbi Digital Ocean, 3 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. M\u1ed7i<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":225,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/01\/terminal-ssh.jpg","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=222"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/222\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/225"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=222"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kevinbk.com\/vi\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=222"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}